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The pharyngeal muscles are a group of muscles that act upon the pharynx. Pharyngeal muscles contracts pushing the food into the oesophagus. There are two muscular layers of the pharynx: the outer circular layer and the inner longitudinal layer. The outer circular layer includes: Inferior constrictor muscle Middle constrictor muscle Superior constrictor muscle During swallowing, these muscles constrict to propel bolus downwards (an involuntary process). The inner longitudinal layer includes: Stylopharynge
