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#drnajeeb #medicines #pharmacology #drnajeeblectures #embryology Fetal Circulation | Embryology | Dr Najeeb Like this video? Sign up now on our website at to access 800 Exclusive videos on Basic Medical Sciences & Clinical Medicine. These are premium videos (NOT FROM YOUTUBE). All these videos come with English subtitles & download options. Sign up now! Get Lifetime Access for a one-time payment of $99 ONLY! Sign up now on our website at --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Why sign up for premium membership? Here's why! Membership Features for premium website members. 1. More than 800 Medical Lectures. 2. Basic Medical Sciences & Clinical Medicine. 3. Mobile-friendly interface with android and iOS apps. 4. English subtitles and new videos every week. 5. Download option for offline video playback. 6. Fanatic customer support and that's 24/7. 7. Fast video playback option to learn faster. 8. Trusted by over 2M students in 190 countries. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ Contents of this video ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ (0:00-1:45) 1-Normal Fetal Circulation, 2-Changes in Fetal Circulation postnatally, 3- Post-Natal Components/Remnants. (1:49-8:03) 1-Normal Fetal Circulation: Umbilical veins carrying oxygenated blood to the fetus; into liver sinusoids and through the Ductus Venosus into Inferior Vena Cava (IVC); and then to the Left heart and rest of fetal circulation. (9:22-12:48) A mixture of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood in 1st mixing-Liver, through Hepatic Venous System into IVC, mixing with less oxygenated blood already present in IVC (2nd mixing), drainage into Right Atrium. Foramen Ovalle; shunting into Left Atrium, deoxygenated blood from Superior Vena Cava (SVC); mixing with oxygenated blood in Right Ventricle (3rd mixing). (12:49-14:25) The rationale for shunting of most of the oxygenated blood from Right to Left circulation while bypassing the lungs = non-developed lungs in fetus. 4th mixing in Left Ventricle. (14:30-17:08) Rt. Ventricle to Pulmonary artery. Aorta; Left Pulmonary Artery = Ductus Arteriosus; Rationale for the connection between the Pulmonary Arterial System and Aortic System; Non-functional lungs of the fetus. (17:12-21:41) The early part of Aorta (having oxygenated blood) to; Coronary, Cerebral Circulation. Deoxygenated blood is received by Aorta from pulmonary artery from Ductus Arteriosus (DA) from Superior Vena Cava (SVC) [5th mixing of blood]. (21:45-23:02) Recap of blood circulation routes starting from Placenta through Umbilical Veins; Ductus Venosus in Liver; IVC to Rt. Atrium; Forman Ovalle; Lt Atrium, Lt Ventricle to Aorta. SVC to Rt Atrium to Pulmonary Arterial System; DA to Aorta; From Aorta final channel to Umbilical Arteries back into Placenta. (23:05-29:20) 2-Changes in Fetal Circulation postnatally = Disconnection from placenta, expansion of lungs after birth; decreased resistance to blood flow in pulmonary circulation, start of oxygenation of blood in lungs, reversal of Ductus Arteriosus. (29:22-35:45) Blockage and then Reversal of Ductus Arteriosus (DA) shunt in detail & closure of Foramen Ovalle (FO): Mechanisms involved; O2, Bradykinin & Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). (35:50-38:58) Overall review of changes converting pre-natal circulatory pattern into post-natal pattern (adult pattern): 1,2-Contraction of Umbilical Veins after closure of Umbilical Arteries. 3-Ductus Venosus closure. 4-Pressure in Lt. Atrium Pressure in Rt. Atrium leading to Foramen Ovalle closure and its remnant Fossa Ovalis formation. 5-DA closure & reversal. (40:00-43:35) 3-Remnants of Fetal Circulatory components: Ligamentum Teres (Umbilical Vein), Ligamentum Venosus (Ductus Venosus), Fossa Ovalis (Foramen Ovalle), Ligamentum Arteriosum (Ductus Arteriosus), Medial Umbilical Ligament, Internal Iliac Artery & Superior Vesical Artery (Umbilical Arteries). (43:38-46:23) Clinical co-relate: Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA); Blood reversal from Aorta into Pulmonary System; Machine-like-murmur. Importance of drug Indomethacin in treating PDA. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Join this channel to get access to perks: Sign up now on our website at #!/register-fast Follow us on Facebook :- Follow us on Instagram :-
