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Gluteal muscles Small gluteal muscle (in English: gluteus minimus) The small gluteal muscle originates from the external surface of the ilium (between the upper and lower gluteal lines). and ends at the front surface of the big trochanter of the femur. It is innervated by the superior sciatic nerve and its function is internal rotation of the hip joint and abduction of the leg. These muscles are striated and play an important role in running and walking. The small gluteus maximus is covered by the gluteus medius muscle. The gluteus minimus is the smallest muscle among the gluteus muscles Small gluteal muscle: Deep layer: 1- Pear-shaped muscle (Piriformis) 2- Upper biceps muscle 3- internal obturator muscle (internal obturator muscle) 4- lower biceps muscle 5- Quadratus femoris muscle 6- external obturator muscle (external obturator muscle) Middle gluteus maximus: gluteus medius muscle This muscle is covered in the posterior part by the large gluteal muscle