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Ancient historians such as Pomponius Mela and Pliny the Elder refer to Turks around ancient Taurica (Crimea) and north of Azov with the names of Turcae, Tyrcae (first century AD) on their maps: --- Reference to Turcae in the forests north of Azov Sea on the WORLD MAP of Pomponius Mela: --- Great ancient historian Herodotus also refers to Targitas [Tarkutay] and Tyrcai (falsely transliterated as “Iyrcai“ as both Pomponius Mela refers to the name Turcae and Pliny the Elder refers to the Tyrcae separately) in the same area (BC 400s-500s). --- Hebrew Bible and Torah refer to Turks as sons of Togarmah, Ashkenaz (Scythians), Gomer (Cimmerians) and Japheth, Targitai may related to Togarmah. Judaic Turkic Khazars referred themselves as sons of Japheth, Gomer, Togarmah (sons of Noah) as also mentioned in Hebrew Bible and Torah. Interestingly, similar to “torah“ name, “töre“ means “custom, law, statute, tradition” in Turkic languages: öre #Jewish_traditions --- According to Procopius, Cimmerians were ancestors of Oghur Turks (Bulgars, Khazars, Avars etc.): #Kökenleri Hurrians are Oghurs. Sumerians are Sabir (Subar) Turks: and Subartu, Sumer and Hurrians, Urartu were related: --- Ancient & Medieval Greek, Chinese sources always mentioned Scythians, Sarmatians, Cimmerians, Turks (Avar, Bulgar, Khazar, Uz/Oghuz, Pecheneg, Cuman etc.), Hungarians (as Turks) together, linguistically and culturally. Ancient & Medieval Greeks always called Turks as Scythians multiple times, they even had military units named Skythikon which consists Turkic mercenaries from Eurasian steppes: --- Sometimes Russian, Arab and other various sources mentioned Turks and Magyars with Scythians, Sarmatians. Ancient Chinese sources mentioned Alans for multiple times as one of Turkic tribes, generally with the name “Yancai” which means “vast fields“, interestingly, in Turkish, “field“ means “alan“, which is an etymologically original Turkic word. The Türk word “alan”: #tr/en/alan Etymology of the Türk word “alan”: #Turkish --- These and more are well-known by Turks but I'm sharing limited number of English links about Turkic antiquity for everyone. --- #Legend “...The legend of Asena tells of a young boy who survived a battle; a female wolf finds the injured child and nurses him back to health...“ “... These first Turks were akin to the Scythians ...“ #Origins_and_legends (Feel the strong pathetic struggle to show origins of these pure Turks, non-Turkic) (Gök-Türks are Ashina, Ashina is Usun, Usun is Saka/Massaget, and Saka is Scythian/Sarmatian — Turkic Ashina are rulers of Turkic empires of Khazars, Bulgars, Gök-Türks, Huns, Scythians, so that's what the struggle is about) (Asen dynasty of Turkic Bulgars) Asena epos of Turks in Etruscans who created and developed the Roman civilization: “...The Capitoline Wolf (Italian: Lupa Capitolina) is a bronze sculpture of the mythical she-wolf suckling the twins...“ #Origins “... The Etruscans called themselves Rasenna ...“ (It's actually “Er-Asena“ which means “Asena's men“). #Dynasty_of_Isin Sumerian dynasty of Isin, may be related to Asin (Asena). Their first king's name was Ishbi-Erra which lived around 1950 BCE: Interestingly, after 2500 certain years later, a Turkic khagan bore the same Turkic name: around 550 AD. Ishbara means “selfless, devoted, diligent“. ---
