Using endoscopes to remove brain tumors through the nose is an alternative to craniotomy for children with craniopharyngiomas and other tumors. Skull base tumors and other lesions that can be removed through the nose include chondrosarcoma, clival chordoma, clival encephalocele, craniopharyngioma, germinoma, juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA), meningioma, optic glioma, pontine cavernoma, prolactinoma and other pituitary tumors, Rathke’s cleft cyst, skull base atypic
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