The first human settlements began in the prehistoric periods, when people built cities in the volcanic tuff rocks to protect themselves from the wild animals and enemies. There are many underground cities in Cappadocia, the biggest of which are Derinkuyu and Kaymaklı. Cappadocia has hosted the Assyrian, Hittite, Phrygian, Persian, Byzantine, Seljuk and Ottoman civilizations. Cappadocia was one of the most important places in the spreading periods of the Christian religion. The first Christians trying to escape from the Roman soldiers, who wanted to avoid the spreading of the Christian religion, settled in Cappadocia which was suitable for hiding.
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