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Stats: Probability Rules “OR“ or Unions Mutually Exclusive Events Two events are mutually exclusive if they cannot occur at the same time. Another word that means mutually exclusive is disjoint. If two events are disjoint, then the probability of them both occurring at the same time is 0. Disjoint: P(A and B) = 0 If two events are mutually exclusive, then the probability of either occurring is the sum of the probabilities of each occurring. Specific Addition Rule Only valid when the events are mutually exclusive. P(A or B) = P(A) P(B) “AND“ or Intersections Independent Events Two events are independent if the occurrence of one does not change the probability of the other occurring. An example would be rolling a 2 on a die and flipping a head on a coin. Rolling the 2 does not affect the probability of flipping the head. If events are independent, then the probability of them both occurring is the product of the probabilities of each occurring. Specific Multiplication Rule Only valid for independent events P(A and B) = P(A) * P(B) #biology #Genetcs #lawOfProbability #productRule #ruleOfMultyplication
