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🌍 Since ancient times, astronomers have sought to understand the position and movement of the Earth in the vastness of the Universe. In ancient times, the prevailing model was geocentrism. According to this model, the Earth was immobile at the center of the Universe. The planets orbiting the Earth followed complex trajectories, with the direction of travel changing on portions of the curve known as epicycles. But some astronomers, like Eratosthenes, had already understood that the Earth revolved around the Sun. In the Middle Ages, despite strong repression from the Church, a new model took hold, placing the Sun at the center of the Universe: heliocentrism. This time, the planets of the solar system followed circular trajectories rather than complicated ones. Copernicus was the first to disseminate this model, which was simpler than the geocentric model with its epicycles. Then Galileo discovered four moons of Jupiter, irrefutable proof that not all stars orbit the Earth! Galileo thus defended
