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Seas and oceans About two thirds of the Earth is covered in salty sea. This lies in five oceans – the Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, Southern, and Arctic. These oceans all flow into each other. Volcanoes and islands Under the sea, there are mountains, valleys, plains and volcanoes, just as there are on land. Some volcanoes are so tall that their tops poke out of the water and form islands. Why the sea is salty Sea water tastes salty because it has got salt, and other minerals, dissolved in it. This is the same type of salt that you sprinkle on your food. The salt mostly washes into the sea from the land. Life in the sea Coral reefs are like beautiful gardens under the sea. Coral is made of the skeletons of millions of tiny sea animals. Thousands of sharks, fish and other creatures live on coral reefs. Oceans in motion The water in the oceans is always moving. Great bands of water, called currents, flow like rivers in the sea and the wind blows the water into waves. Every day the ocean tides rise and fall. Frozen ocean The Arctic Ocean is the world’s smallest ocean. It is also the coldest. For most of the year, it is frozen over. This means that the North Pole is in the middle of a huge area of floating ice.
