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CSA Unofficial Anthem (Instrumental) Dixie Land -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (The Roman Empire didn't have official national flag and anthem) In spite of the purported lack of musical originality on the part of the Romans, they did enjoy music greatly and used it for many activities. Military music was used in parades, ceremonies and processions. Music was used to control troops on the battlefield. Music was also used in religious ceremonies, gladiator contests and events in the arena. The Romans cultivated music as a sign of education. Roman-style musical instruments are found in parts of the Empire where they did not originate, and indicate that music was among the aspects of Roman culture that spread throughout the provinces. Wind instruments: The Roman tuba was a long, straight bronze trumpet The cornu (Latin “horn“) was a long tubular metal wind instrument that curved around the musician's body The tibia (Greek aulos - αὐλός), usually double, had two double-reed (as in a modern oboe) pipes String instruments: The lyre, borrowed from the Greeks The cithara was the premier musical instrument of ancient Rome and was played both in popular and elevated forms of music The lute (pandura or monochord) was known by several names among the Greeks and Romans Organs: The hydraulic pipe organ (hydraulis), which worked by water hydraulis accompanied gladiator contests in the arena Percussion: Drum and percussion instruments like timpani and castanets, the Egyptian sistrum, and brazen pans The sistrum was a rattle consisting of rings strung across the cross-bars of a metal frame Cymbala (Lat. plural of cymbalum, from the Greek kymbalon) were small cymbals: metal discs used in pairs hinged wooden or metal device (called a scabellum) “clapper“, also, there were various rattles, bells and tambourines
