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Who were the Proto Indo Europeans? And how do we know this? In this video, I go through updated information, maps of migrations, and talk about the key aspects that allow us to understand who the Proto Indo Europeans were, where they migrated to, and the resultant cultures, peoples, and languages. I also touch on the Indo European Creation Myth, which my next video will take a deep dive into. ERROR: I mistaken suggest that everyone has a bit of the three DNA groups, this isn't strictly true with Tuscan/Spanish sometimes missing Hunter Gatherer DNA Become a Patreon: Or consider a one-off donation via Paypal: Bibliography Use of maps from is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. Reich, D. (2018) ‘Ancient DNA Suggests Steppe Migrations Spread Indo-European Languages 1’, 162(1), pp. 39–55. Available at: Lincoln, B. (2016) ‘The Indo-European Cattle-Raiding Myth Source : History of Religions , Vol . 16 , No . 1 ( Aug ., 1976 ), pp . 42-65 Published by : The University of Chicago Press’, 16(1), pp. 42–65. Pagel, M. et al. (2013) ‘Ultraconserved words point to deep language ancestry across Eurasia’, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 110(21), pp. 8471–8476. doi: Anthony, D. W. (2010) The horse, the wheel, and language: How Bronze-Age riders from the Eurasian steppes shaped the modern world, The Horse, the Wheel, and Language: How Bronze-Age Riders from the Eurasian Steppes Shaped the Modern World. Princeton University Press. doi: Lazaridis, I., Patterson, N., Mittnik, A., Renaud, G., Mallick, S., Kirsanow, K., Sudmant, P. H., Schraiber, J. G., Castellano, S., Lipson, M., Berger, B., Economou, C., Bollongino, R., Fu, Q., Bos, K. I., Nordenfelt, S., Li, H., de Filippo, C., Prüfer, K., Sawyer, S., … Krause, J. (2014). Ancient human genomes suggest three ancestral populations for present-day Europeans. Nature, 513(7518), 409–413. Haak W, Lazaridis I, Patterson N, Rohland N, Mallick S, Llamas B, Brandt G, Nordenfelt S, Harney E, Stewardson K, Fu Q, Mittnik A, Bánffy E, Economou C, Francken M, Friederich S, Pena RG, Hallgren F, Khartanovich V, Khokhlov A, Kunst M, Kuznetsov P, Meller H, Mochalov O, Moiseyev V, Nicklisch N, Pichler SL, Risch R, Rojo Guerra MA, Roth C, Szécsényi-Nagy A, Wahl J, Meyer M, Krause J, Brown D, Anthony D, Cooper A, Alt KW, Reich D. Massive migration from the steppe was a source for Indo-European languages in Europe. Nature. 2015 Jun 11;522(7555):207-11. doi: Epub 2015 Mar 2. PMID: 25731166; PMCID: PMC5048219. Quiles, Carlos. 2019. A Game of Clans, Independently Published, ISBN 1072003228 Quiles, Carlos. 2019. A Clash of Chiefs, Independently Published, ISBN 1072023539 Quiles, Carlos. 2019. A Storm of Words, Independently Published, ISBN 1072035294 Chapters ========================= 0:00 Introduction 1:20 What does being Proto Indo European mean? 4:25 The DNA of Indo Europeans 8:40 Tracing back a myth 12:40 Maps of Migration, Language and Culture 21:02 The Language, and God 26:10 Summary
