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Arkhip Ivanovich Kuindzhi (or Kuinji; Russian: Архип Иванович Куинджи; January 27, 1842(?) – July 24, 1910) was a Russian landscape painter of Greek descent. Arkhip Kuindzhi was born in January 1842 (1841?) in Mariupol (nowadays Ukraine) but spent his youth in the city of Taganrog. His Christian name is a Russian and Ukrainian rendering of the Greek, Ἄρχιππος, (Archippos, from ἄρχος (archos) “master“ and ἱππος (hippos) “horse“: “master of horses“; cf. Colossians 4:17; ) and his surname came from his grandfather’s vocational nickname meaning ’goldsmith’ in Tatar (cf. Turkish, kuyumcu).[ He grew up in a poor family; his father was a Greek shoemaker, Ivan Khristoforovich Kuindzhi (sometimes spelt Emendzhi). Arkhip was six years old when he lost his parents, so he was forced to make a living working at a church building site, grazing domestic animals, and working at the cor
