This video shows some simple ways to measure the velocity factor (VF) and impedance of a known length of coax. (Please pardon the simple decimal point error in the metric conversion - see the annotations inline in the video - sorry about that!) It uses a simple TDR technique using a cheap homemade fast-edge pulse generator, as detailed in this video: which is based on the simple schmitt trigger oscillator shown in this video: Here is a companion video that shows how to measure the length of a piece of coax, assuming that you know the VF:
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