The discrete element method (DEM) and smooth particle hydrodynamics (SPH) are both visualized as small discrete spheres but that is about all they have in common since DEM is often used for modeling discrete particles such as rocks or pea pods while SPH is used for modeling continua such as fluids and solids. Where we have found DEM and SPH useful is as a method to apply dynamic loads to structures. For DEM simulations, the ability to simulate granular media from sand and rocks or to friable compressed mine
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